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Non-Litigation
There are court affairs which does not form a legal proceeding, but in which the court assists and engages in the procedure of creation, alteration, or extinguishment of personal rights. It is called a non-litigation case. The representative instances of non-litigation cases are registrations, family registration, and deposit. Furthermore, such matters as dissolution and liquidation of juristic persons, establishment of trusts, appointment of inspectors and liquidation of corporations are also handled through the non-litigation case procedure.
Registrations
Registrations
Registrations include real property registration, commercial registration, ship registration, and registration of juristic persons. Among these, real property registration shows current and prior ownership as well as other right relationships of real property while commercial registration makes known to the public such items as specified by the Commercial Act.
Registration affairs are handled by district courts, branch courts, or registration offices. There are 51 registration divisions or sections of district courts or branch courts and 140 independent registration offices around the nation as of October 2015.
Family Registration
Family registration publishes and authenticates identity particulars of each person such as birth, marriage, adoption, recognition and death by entering them in the family registers. Family registration affairs are managed by the head of city, town or village. However, as family registration is administrative business of a judicial nature, the court exercises extensive supervisory power over such affairs.
Important issues such as change of name or some corrections of family register are subject to the court's prior permission. And, in case of divorce by agreement, confirmation by the judge of both parties' intention to divorce is required.
Deposit
Deposit is a system, which grants certain legal effects when money, securities, or other articles are taken custody of by the deposit office in accordance with provisions of law. Deposit affairs are handled by the district courts, branch courts, and municipal courts. The deposit serves various purposes such as performance, surety, civil execution, storage, etc. In particular, the deposit for the purpose of performance is widely used as a way for the obligor to be relieved of his/her obligation by depositing the subject matter of performance for the obligee when the oblige refuses to or is unable to accept performance.
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